Large animal veterinarians do use these potent fentanyl analogues to sedate or anaesthetize animals. Special protection must be worn at all times. Absorption might be slightly slower but the overdose effect is the same once absorbed.Ĭarfentanil is potent enough to sedate an elephant. These drugs, as contaminants, are often taken by mouth in pill form. In the media, there are two videos of police officers, who inhaled carfentanil powder developing symptoms.įentanyl and analogues are absorbed from the GI tract. In this instance, carfentanil was delivered as a gas into the theatre and would have been absorbed through the lungs. There is some evidence that carfentanil was one of the incapacitating agents used to stop the Chechen takeover of the Dubrovka theatre in 2002. In the medical literature, there was a single report of a veterinarian mistakenly splashing himself in the eye with carfentanil which required a dose of an antidote to resuscitate him. Many users have snorted the drugs and have become overdose victims. Either kit can be obtained for rescue of an opioid-overdosed patient and depends only on personal preference.įentanyl and its analogues can be absorbed through mucous membranes. In Ontario, naloxone is available as either an injectable kit or an intranasal spray. Naloxone is available in Ontario from pharmacies without prescription, and can be obtained by asking the pharmacist for the medication. Treatment for the opioid overdose patient currently consists of supportive care and the antidote naloxone. OPC has guidelines for pre-hospital and hospital opioid resuscitation General Public Although uncomfortable, opioid withdrawal is generally not life threatening. With naloxone dosing health-care providers have always been taught to "start low and go slow" to prevent acute opioid withdrawal. The patient does not need to be fully awake and alert. The desired response to naloxone should be establishment of adequate respirations, to have an O2Sat > 90% and a pCO2 < 45 mmHg. Most pharmaceutical opioids, such as heroin and fentanyl, should respond to usual doses of naloxone.
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